A nephron is the fundamental structural and functional part of the kidney. Its principal function is to control the absorption of water and soluble substances such as sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is required and excreting the rest as urine.
A nephron gets rid of wastes from the body, controls blood volume and pressure, regulates levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are very important to life and are controlled by the endocrine system by hormones like antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.
Roughly one million nephrons are in the cortex of each kidney, and each one contains a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule which perform the functions of the nephron. The renal tubule contains the convoluted tubule and the loop of Heinle. The nephron is made up of a glomerulus and its tubule.
The nephron is component of the homeostatic mechanism of your body. This system assists control the quantity of water, salts, glucose, urea and other minerals in your body. This is where glucose finally is engrossed in your body. One side note, diabetics get trouble reabsorbing the glucose in their body and thus lots of it appears in the urine - thus the name "diabetic" or "sweet urine." However it's another subject.
The Loop of Henle is the element of the nephron that consists of the essential pathway for liquid. The liquid starts at the Bowman's capsule and afterward runs by way of the proximal convoluted tubule. It is here that sodium, water, amino acids, and glucose get reabsorbed.
The filtrate after that flows down the sliding limb and afterward back up. On the way it passes a major bend named the Loop Of Henle. This is placed in the medulla of the kidney. Because it comes up to the top again, hydrogen ions (waste) run into the tube and down the collecting duct.
Accordingly fundamentally, nutrients flow in through the left and exit through the right. Along the way, salts, carbohydrates, and water pass through and are reabsorbed.
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If you want to get some excellent resources on kidney, please visit my site on You and Your Kidney [http://allaboutkidney.blogspot.com] or Kidney Nephron [http://allaboutkidney.blogspot.com/2008/06/functions-of-nephron-of-kidney.html]
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